Compostable, Biodegradable or Recyclable?

Compostable, biodegradable and recyclable packaging are not the same thing, and they should not automatically go into the same bin.

Compostable products require specific conditions to break down, biodegradable simply means a material can decompose over time, while recyclable packaging needs to be accepted by the appropriate recycling system.

For UK cafés, restaurants, caterers, workplaces and hospitality businesses, understanding these differences can help you choose better eco-friendly packaging and give customers clearer disposal instructions.

What is the difference between biodegradable and compostable?

Biodegradable describes a material that can be broken down naturally by microorganisms over time. However, the term alone does not tell you how quickly it will break down or under which conditions.

Compostable materials are designed to biodegrade under specified composting conditions. Some products are suitable for industrial composting, while others may be certified for home composting.

This distinction matters when choosing eco packaging, as a product being biodegradable does not necessarily mean it should be placed in a food-waste or composting bin.

Is compostable packaging recyclable?

Generally, no. Compostable packaging should not be placed in conventional paper, card or plastic recycling simply because it looks similar to recyclable packaging.

In England, current workplace recycling guidance states that packaging labelled compostable or biodegradable should not be placed in food-waste recycling either. Businesses should use a dedicated collection where one is available; otherwise it may need to go into non-recyclable waste. Compostable caddy liners are treated differently and can be collected with food waste.

Always check with your waste contractor or local authority, as collection systems can differ.

Bagasse as an alternative food packaging material

Bagasse is made from sugarcane fibre left behind during sugar production and can be moulded into bowls, takeaway boxes, trays and clamshells.

Reign Packaging’s bagasse food containers are designed for a variety of hot and cold foods and provide an excellent alternative to conventional plastic food containers.

Bagasse can be a useful choice for:

• Takeaway meals and catering
• Hot, oily or moist food
• Burgers and street food
• Compartment meal containers

However, businesses should still provide disposal guidance based on the specific product and the waste services available locally.

Paper packaging and recyclability

Paper and cardboard packaging can often be recycled where it is clean and accepted by the relevant collection service.

Food contamination, coatings and linings can affect recyclability, so businesses should check the specification of the exact packaging they purchase rather than assuming all paper-look packaging belongs in paper recycling.

This is particularly important with coated takeaway boxes, cups and food containers that combine multiple materials.

Can compostable bags go into food-waste bins?

Compostable caddy liners are specifically permitted in England's workplace food-waste collections under current Simpler Recycling guidance.

Reign Packaging stocks compostable bags for food waste, including plant-based caddy liners and larger composting bags for commercial food-waste collection.

Do not assume the same rule applies to compostable plates, cups or takeaway containers without checking their disposal requirements first.

Clear disposal messaging matters

Calling packaging "green" or "eco-friendly" can create confusion if customers do not know what to do with it after use.

Clearer messaging might say:

• Recycle with paper and card, if clean
• Compostable caddy liner, suitable for food-waste collection
• Check local recycling guidance
• Not suitable for conventional recycling

UK guidance on environmental claims also requires businesses to make claims that are clear and can be substantiated.

What should you ask your packaging supplier?

Before choosing eco-friendly packaging, ask what the product is made from, whether it has recognised compostability or recyclability certification, and what disposal route is recommended.

It is also worth checking whether lids, linings or windows contain different materials, as these may need to be separated before disposal.

Reign Packaging supplies a growing range of bagasse, paper, recyclable and compostable products for UK food and hospitality businesses. Browse the Reign Packaging range or contact the team for guidance on suitable packaging for your business.

FAQs

Does biodegradable mean it can go in the compost bin?

No. Biodegradable describes how a material can break down, but it does not automatically mean it is suitable for home or industrial composting.

Can bagasse food containers be recycled?

Disposal depends on the specific product and your local waste infrastructure. Check its certification and your waste provider's accepted materials before disposing of it.

Are compostable bags the same as biodegradable bags?

Not necessarily. Compostable bags are designed to break down under defined composting conditions, while the term biodegradable is broader and does not specify a particular disposal process.

What eco-friendly packaging should restaurants use?

Choose packaging according to the food, available waste streams and actual end-of-life route. Bagasse containers, responsibly sourced paper packaging and suitable compostable products can all play a role when used correctly.

Why should businesses give customers disposal instructions?

Clear instructions reduce confusion and increase the likelihood that packaging enters the correct waste stream rather than contaminating recycling or food-waste collections.